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Research Scientists Discover How Flu Damages Lung Tissue
A protein in influenza virus that helps it multiply also damages lung epithelial cells, causing fluid buildup in the lungs, according to new research from the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) and Southern Research Institute . Publishing online this week in the journal of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, the researchers say the findings give new insight into how flu attacks the lungs and provides targets for new treatments.
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Advocates Eager To Learn More About Supreme Court Nominee Sotomayor's Abortion-Rights Views
Abortion-rights groups on Wednesday offered their support for Supreme Court nominee Judge Sonia Sotomayor but said that they were eager to learn more about her views on abortion rights, an issue on which she has made few major rulings in her time as a judge, the New York Times reports. According to the Times, groups on both sides of the abortion-rights debate tend to believe that Sotomayor would uphold Roe v. Wade because she was nominated by President Obama, who supports abortion rights. However, when asked on Tuesday if Obama questioned Sotomayor about her views on abortion rights before the nomination, White House spokesperson Robert Gibbs said that the president "did not ask that specifically." In addition, none of her rulings has directly dealt with the underlying issues of constitutional privacy that are the foundation for the Roe decision, according to the Times. The abortion-related cases Sotomayor has handled in the past have "turned on other legal issues," rather than privacy, and they have resulted in rulings in favor of abortion-right opponents, the Times reports. For example, in 2002, she wrote an opinion upholding the Bush administration"s "global gag rule" policy banning federal funding of international groups that offer abortion information or services. "The Supreme Court has made clear that the government is free to favor the antiabortion position over the pro-choice position and can do so with public funds," Sotomayor wrote in the opinion. In 2004, she said that antiabortion-rights protesters were permitted to sue police who they claimed used excessive force in stopping a demonstration at a clinic. Sotomayor also has ruled on several immigration cases related to people fighting deportation orders to China over its family planning policies, the Times reports. Because of the limited information on Sotomayor"s abortion-rights views, advocates have stressed that senators ask questions about her views during her confirmation hearing. NARAL Pro-Choice America President Nancy Keenan in a letter to supporters urged them to press senators to ask Sotomayor about privacy rights. Keenan wrote, "Discussion about [Roe] will -- and must -- be part of this nomination process. As you know, choice hangs in the balance on the Supreme Court as the last two major choice-related cases were decided by a 5-to-4 margin" (Savage, New York Times, 5/28). Nancy Northup, president of the Center for Reproductive Rights, said that she would be surprised if an Obama nominee did not support abortion rights but added that "other presidents have been surprised before" when their nominees" views did not align with their assumptions. Northup said that "no one has been able to give us an assurance" of Sotomayor"s views on abortion rights, adding that she would be "very concerned if the question is not asked and answered during the Senate hearings." Feminist Majority Foundation President Eleanor Smeal said, "What we know about [Sotomayor] we like, but I don"t know that answer on abortion rights" (Savage/Nicholas, Los Angeles Times, 5/28). The New York Times reports that more about Sotomayor"s views on abortion rights could come to light if a past writing on the subject surfaces, as was the case during Justice Samuel Alito"s confirmation process. Steven Waldman, editor in chief of beliefnet.com, said, "Everyone is just assuming that because Obama appointed her, she must be a die-hard pro-choice activist, but it"s really quite amazing how little we know about her views on abortion" (Savage, New York Times, 5/28). Thomas Goldstein, a leading appellate attorney and founder of scotusblog.com, said that the "fact that she hasn"t gone off on these sorts of questions" on contentious topics like abortion rights and gay marriage, "I think shows that honestly she"s not a dyed in the wool liberal." He added that there are issues on which Sotomayor could prove to be more conservative than retiring Justice David Souter (Lerer, Politico, 5/27).According to the Washington Post, many antiabortion-rights supporters are critic
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'Ballooning' Spiders Grounded By Infection
Money spiders infected with Rickettsia bacteria are less likely to "balloon" - that is, to use their silk as sails to catch gusts of wind and travel long distances. Researchers writing in the open access journal BMC Biology suggest that it may be in the bacteria"s interests to ground the spiders and that this reduction in dispersal could reduce gene flow and impact on reproductive isolation within the meta-population.
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National Health And Medical Research Council Funding For UQ Brain Injury Research, Australia

University of Queensland researchers will use a $2.5 million grant to help people who have suffered an acquired brain injury communicate with the world. The recent National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) funding will establish a new Centre for Clinical Research Excellence (CCRE) in Aphasia Rehabilitation at UQ, led by Professor Linda Worrall. Aphasia is the loss of communication following a stroke or traumatic brain injury. People with these communication difficulties struggle to find the words to express themselves, and may have difficulties in understanding what others say, as well as difficulties with reading and writing. The CCRE will unite two complementary, but independent, approaches in aphasia rehabilitation into a single combined approach that will optimise treatment outcomes. The centre aims to do this through the development of an Australian Aphasia Rehabilitation Pathway, working in close collaboration with speech pathologists and consumers. UQ researchers, Professor Worrall and Dr Bronwyn Davidson of the School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, will collaborate with Dr David Copland of the UQ Centre for Clinical Research and peers from the Universities of Sydney, Newcastle, Macquarie, La Trobe, Florida, Edith Cowan and Southeastern Louisiana. The centre will also be recruiting a number of postdoctoral fellows and PhD investigators over the next five-year period in order to increase research capacity in this area. Professor Worrall said the new centre provided a watershed moment in aphasia research. "This national research centre brings together for the first time, in Australia and internationally, researchers with specialist expertise in the two main approaches known to make a significant impact on recovery and rehabilitation," she said. "There is growing evidence that well-designed and focused communication activities result in significant changes in the brain and its ability to recover from injury, and that the capacity to improve continues long after the time of damage. "However, we also know that speech pathology services to people with acquired language impairment are very stretched. "For these reasons, it is imperative that the research evidence is applied in order to maximise the opportunities for effective rehabilitation in the everyday provision of services both while the person is in hospital and when they return home." UQ Deputy Vice-Chancellor (Research) Professor Max Lu congratulated Professor Worrall and the team on receiving a substantial grant which has the potential to improve the quality of life of people with aphasia and their families. "Like many other UQ researchers, this team will focus on the efficient translation of research evidence into clinical practice that has measurable benefits for patients and people with disabilities," Professor Lu said. The "cell to society" research program will integrate the perspective of people with aphasia, working closely with the Australian Aphasia Association (http://www.aphasia.org.au). University of Queensland, Australia


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